Calandria



R. KAY ET AL Nov. 13, 1934.

CALANDRIA 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed May 15, 1934 Mill.

fiwzmon M BY 622,, MJ'Z n4 ATTORNEY:

O Q 0 O o o o o o owo owowwn R. KAY ET AL Nov. 13, 1934.

CALANDRI A Filed May 15, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I INVENTORS ATTORNEY:

Patented Nov. 13, 1934 UNITED STATES iasaeza CALANDRIA Robert Kay and Arthur Kruse, Eleele, Territory of Hawaii Application May 15, 1934, Serial No. 725,792

10 Claims.

Our invention relates to improvements in calandrias for vacuum pans or evaporators and its principal object is to insure circulation of the heating medium throughout the calandria so as to avoid dead spaces and thus provide for even evaporation over the entire area of the calandria.

Another object of the invention is to cause the heating medium to first circulate around the outer portions of the calandria where the pan or evaporator circulation is upwards and then to cause the heating'medium to circulate around the centerwell or inner portions of the calandria where the circulation is downwards.

Still another object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the calandria by disposing drainage ports or openings at the most advantageous points.

A primary feature of the invention consists in providing the calandria with a plurality of compartments, each having a plurality of circulatory courses for the heating medium, inlet and outlet ports for the heating medium being provided for each compartment and each communicating with a difierent course in the latter, the end of the course communicating with the inlet port being disposed adjacent the end of the course communicating with the outlet port. I

Another feature of the invention consists in providing a calandria having inner and outer shells with walls extending between the shells dividing the calandria into two compartments, each compartment being provided with bafiie means dividing it into inner and outer circulatory courses for a heating medium, the outer course communicating with an inlet port for the heating medium and the inner course communicating with an outlet port therefor.

'A further feature of the invention consists in providing a calandria with a baflie plate, one end of which terminates inwardly of the outer shell of the calandria, the bottom of the calandria being provided with an upwardly projecting rib extending between the outer shell and the end of the baflie plate in alignment with the latter, so as to direct condensate of the heating medium to a drain opening located adjacent the outer shell.

Other and more specific features of the invention residing in advantageous forms, combinations and relations of parts will hereinafter appear and be pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the calandria, parts of the heating tubes being broken away, and adjacent portions of any suitable evaporator being illustrated in dotted lines.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the calandria, portions of the top Wall thereof being broken away.

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the calandria, all of the heating tubes being omitted for clarity.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the baffle plates of the calandriathe inner and. outer shells thereof and the top and bottom walls being indicated in dotted lines.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on line 6-6 of Figure 2.

Figure 7 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on line '7'7 of Figure 3.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 indicates diagrammatically any suitable vacuum pan or evaporator With which the calandria may be associated. As is customary, the calandria is formed with top and bottom plates 2 and 3, re-

spectively, and outer and inner shells 4 and 5,

respectively, the inner shell, as is usual, defining a centerwell or downtake 6. Circulation tubes 7 extend through the heating chamber of the calandria and are connected at theiropposite ends to the top and bottom plates. 7

The heating chamber is divided into a plurality of compartments, preferably two in number, by Walls 8 which extend between the inner,

and outer shells, being preferably connected to the latter and to the top and bottom plates. These walls, instead of being radially disposed, are advantageously arranged so as to form acute angles with lines respectively tangent to the inner shell at the points of connection between the latter and the walls. Moreover, the Walls are preferably disposed so that each compartment will be of the same or substantially the same size.

Each heating compartment is provided with baffle means defining inner and outer circulatory courses 9 and 10, respectively, for the heating medium, which may be steam or any other suitable gas. These courses are formed by baffle means, which, in the present embodiment of the invention, comprise a plurality of angularly disposed bafile plates 11, 12 and 13, each of which extends continuously between the top and bottom plates of the calandria. The baiile plates in each compartment may be formed integrally or, if desired, they may be formed separately and then connected together in any suitable mannet. The baffie plate 11 may be advantageously and as the presence of condensate in the calandria disposed parrallel with but spaced a suitable disreduces the heating efiiciency thereof, each comtance from the adjacent wall 8 and, atone end, partment is provided with a plurality of drain it is connected to the outer shell 4. At its other openings. These drain openings are preferably end, it terminates inwardly of the outer shell disposed adjacent the outer shell and means is at a point designated 14. The baflie plate 12 provided within the compartments for diverting extends from this point at an angle to the plate or directing the condensate to them. In the pres- 11 to a point designated by the reference numeral ent embodiment of the invention, this means com- 15 also inwardly of the outer shell. The plate 13 prises ribs 22 and 23 which project upwardly from extends from this latter point at an angle to the-bottomplate 3of the calandria for a limited the baffie t 12 ward t mpartment wall distance. The rib 2'2 extends'fin alignment with 8 remote from the'baffle 11. the baffle plate 11 from the end 14 thereof to the Communicating W e Out Course 'Of outer shell 4 and adjacent the point of intere partment at a point adjacent the end section of the rib and shell is a drain opening 24. of the bafile plate 11, which is connected to the "Therib 23 extends from the end of the baffle plate outer shell, is an inlet port or opening 16 for .t Efflggflfithe point 15 i u t, ith that plate heating medium a d u et ng W the to the outer shell 4 and, adjacent the point where end of the inner course 9 is 'anbutletbort r "it intersects the'lattenanotner drain opening 25 opening 1'7. The inlet and outlet ports of each '1 provided, AS t ribs 22 and 23 project Compartment are p rably disposed orfthe ei 'wardly from 'the' bottom plate 3 only a limited de Of the ca a d a, that h Outebside as distance, they will not hinder the free circuladistinglliehed o h inner S d i' are "tion of'the heating medium, but since the cona sdm ef a arranged adjacent fl 'densate -will of course, collect onthe bottom s spes f hep 08111595 the-heating plateand: be carried therealong by the heating medium b te throughout-e portions medium, the-ribs will eifectivelyiun'ctiontodithegempartm n I is to be observed that the rest: the condensate to the drain openingsfi' tl ttpe s t tw pa t are additional drain opening 26 is located at the end p sed at iam tri Opposite p end that of the inner course'9 of each compartmentand'y iihlet p t a e also similarly d s d for as the direction of how of the heating medium is the 'reaSOh that the Compartments are not'defl'ected at this point but is in a substantially lhh t s. n s as -s e w is to straight line; it is unnecessary to provide ribs for." be'understoqd that, should ,itbe found desirable to ,.m.%k 1 compartments unsymmetrical, the 1 Other drain openings 27 may be located atphints inlet end'elltlet' Ports of One Compartment maiyintermediate the ends of-the inner course-andel e ed d f tlvw th resp to the preferably adjacent-theinner; shell 5. Each-of" sponding ports'of the other compartment. the Several d j e qs 3 H directing the condensate to these-drain openingsz" The, heati medi m tering through. the adapted to'be'connectedwithsuitable 1neans--(n0t-" 'p 16 Will eil'euletethreuehthe Outer shownl-forreceiving-thecondensateas it dis-1"- u es .1 0. th n sthereof, Where it W charges from the calandria. 40 deflected by the Walls inner Courses" From tithenforegoing s bevperceived thati 9 h Qllgh W Q circulatesto-the outlet ports the heating mediumiS 'caused to first circulate mt xi stl -i'fwll le' Q yione ou l t r Y- P "around-the outside of-the oalandria-wherethe V i 1.. Q L a' Wmpartmentiit b found circulation of thefluid being heated in thepan;

, s r ite emnl Such part5 11331135 3 or evaporator is-upwa rds and then caused'to pass ng i di es r ert d e di p m plates, (around the'inner side of the calandriawher e the 13 .ht-Tt Q I fifth 3 9 fluid circulationis---downwards. 1 The calandria fltz ht yl li f h 511911471111 adtaneeef the 7 will,- -theref-ore ',-be found to func tion;inost effif t e op nin s-if m Plates e 19; ciently because the temperature of the heating f fifli' it elff if so that the heating "medium Will be highest where the fluid circula m" a d; o her. gases, circulating. throu htion'isupwards' andw-ill'be-iowest where the fluid 122i compartments will. pass, uniformly Ito. the. outlet circulation is downwards; The m c of-the" i ill an Win; nohconverge into- Stramscalandria is also-anateriallyincreased by provid is $9. P eve this a se Ports ing'it with 'aplurality of drain openings and by; QYFS nt Spa e between-the diaph ag providing meansfor directing the condensate to P134765 51.8 and the outer-5118114 'e -l them. Its eificiency is' also materially increased, videdl-mto two-Spams byioahorizonml partitionilg" as the arrangement of baiiles and disposition of i t h e T th y ngcommunication With oneoutlet l t and t t portsdnusure r u a i n P tia ran resultsein-yas ixqtheheating medium; throughout all portions of circulation of the heating ,medium adjacent the outlet portsas allother portions of'the comp f m h e-J.- n m To' avoid dead spaces onthe centerjwell side of the innenjcourse 9 where the walls 8 intersect the inner shell 5, the inner" portions of .the

wall s are forrn ed with a-plurality. of perfora-- tio i eervhie es eblish communication between 1 tirely avoided.

the'ealandria and dead spaces" or spots'are en What we claim is: 1-.- AcalandriaL having a heating chamber providedwith two compartments, each of said compartments having a plurality of" circulatory cour'ssfdr heating medium, one course of 'eachf L 40 compartment havin'g'an'inlet port for the heating tithe-compartments- To deflect [the steam'throughp medium and another course thereof having an" theestimationsPlease-1fmaybeadvtneewsey .outl'etpiirt therefor; "the'inlet and o'utletports employed :These plates'arepreferably dlspo d of each compartment being disposedadjacentthe at albqutfla'r' yangle to the Walls/8 j nte same side of the calandria and the end of the, to and uteylintirsiictxhainner s 5- points course of eachcompartment"communicatingwith" xfi i h y m' advance of the inner ends f thethe-inlet port being disposedadjacent the end" walls. i. 7 """of the 'coilrse communicating Witlitlii-s outiet'port Aslsome of the-heating medium islikely'to con-' 2. A calandria involving inner and-outer shells dense lwhile passing through the compartments forming'a'he'ating chamberi'wails respectivelyem tending between said shells dividing the chamber into a plurality of compartments, each of said compartments having inlet and outlet ports for a heating medium, and baflle means disposed in each compartment dividing the latter into inner and outer circulatory courses for the heating medium, the bafiie means of each compartment being connected to the outer shell and being disposed between the inlet and outlet ports thereof.

3. A calandria involving inner and outer shells forming a heating chamber, walls respectively extending between said shells dividing the chamber into two compartments, baflle means disposed in each compartment dividing the latter into inner and outer circulatory courses for a heating medium, the outer course of each compartment having an inlet port for the heating medium and the inner course thereof having an outlet port for the heating medium, the inlet port of each compartment being adjacent the outlet port thereof.

4. A calandria involving inner and outer shells forming a heating chamber, walls respectively extending between said shells dividing the chamber into a plurality of compartments, baffle means disposed in each of said compartments defining a plurality of circulatory courses for a heating medium, said bafiie means being connected to the outer shell adjacent one of said walls and extending to a point adjacent the other of said walls, and inlet and outlet ports for the heating medium communicating with each compartment on opposite sides of the baflie means.

5. A calandria involving inner and outer shells forming a heating chamber, walls respectively extending between said shells dividing the chamber into a plurality of compartments, bafile means dividing each compartment into inner and outer circulatory courses for a heating medium, said outer course being defined by the bafile means and the outer shell and said inner course being defined by the bai'fie means, the inner shell and said walls, an inlet port for a heating medium communicating with one of said courses of each compartment and an outlet port therefor communicating with the other of said courses thereof.

6. A calandria involving inner and outer shells forming a heating chamber, walls respectively extending between said shells dividing the chamber into a plurality of compartments, inlet and outlet ports for a heating medium communicating with each of said compartments, a plurality of angularly disposed baflie plates dividing each compartment into a plurality of circulatory courses for the heating medium, one of said baffle plates of each compartment being spaced from and extending substantially parallel with one of said walls and the outlet opening of each compartment communicating with the space between said baflle and said wall.

7. A calandria involving inner and outer shells forming a heating chamber, walls respectively extending between said shells dividing the chamber into a plurality of compartments, each of said walls intersecting the inner shell at an acute angle and being provided adjacent said shell with a plurality of apertures establishing communication between said compartments, and inlet and outlet ports for a heating medium communicating with each of said compartments.

8. A calandria involving inner and outer shells forming a heating chamber, baille means providing said chamber with a plurality of circulatory courses for a heating medium, said baflle means including a baffle plate, one end of which is spaced from said outer shell, and a rib projecting upwardly from the bottom of the chamber and extending outwardly from the said end of the baflie plate to the outer shell, and a drain opening adjacent the outer end of said rib.

9. A calandria involving inner and outer shells forming a heating chamber, baffle means dividing the chamber into a plurality of circulatory courses for a heating medium, said means comprising a plurality of angularly disposed intersecting plates, the point of intersection of two of said plates being spaced from the outer shell, and a rib projecting upwardly from the bottom of the compartment and extending outwardly from said point of intersection to the outer shell in substantial alignment with one of said plates, and a drain opening in the chamber adjacent the outer end of the rib.

10. A calandria involving inner and outer shells forming a heating chamber, bafiie means disposed within the chamber defining a plurality of circulatory courses for a heating medium, said bafile means including a plurality of angularly disposed plates, two of said plates terminating in the direction of flow of the heating medium at a point inwardly of the outer shell, and ribs projecting upwardly from the bottom of the chamber and ex-- tending between the said ends of the last mentioned plates and the outer shell respectively constituting prolongations of said plates, and. drain openings respectively adjacent the ends of the ribs adjoining the outer shell.

ROBERT KAY.

ARTHUR KRUSE. 

